The 10 commandments of tree planting
Not only do trees bring joy to a garden but they clean the air, provide oxygen, invite wildlife and shade the garden. But planting a tree isn’t as simple as digging a hole and throwing in the tree (although we wish it were!). Here are the 10 commandments to follow to ensure the best start for your tree.
1. Choose carefully
The reason why you want to plant a tree will determine the type of tree you should choose. Common purposes include privacy, aesthetics, shade, windbreak or to create a bird habitat. Do your research and speak to your local nursery because your end goal will impact the suitability of different trees.
2. Location, location
Trees need plenty of room to develop both their root systems underground and branches above ground. Don’t plant trees near telephone lines, buildings or in small areas.
3. Soil test
There’s an old saying that the key to growing a plant is to put a 50 cent specimen in a $5 hole. The soil is the most important indicator of whether your tree will grow well so make sure you test the area’s suitability. Dig a 30 centimetre hole and fill it with water. Leave it overnight and check to see if it’s empty in the morning. If it has drained less than a centimetres an hour, the soil has a drainage problem.
4. Dig diligently
The rule of thumb is to dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball but three times as wide is even better. The depth of the hole should be no more than the height of the root ball to prevent settling.
5. Plant properly
Plant trees when weather is cool and cloudy, but not windy. Make sure the best side of the tree is facing the direction you want before shovelling backfill into hole until roots are covered. Check frequently throughout to ensure trunk is straight.
6. Fertilise frugally
Fertiliser is only of marginal benefit at planting time, and it can even be harmful to roots so it’s best to avoid. Wait until the following year to fertilise young trees lightly.
7. Water well
In general, water new trees twice a week but just after planting you may want to water every day for a couple weeks. Don’t allow roots to dry out otherwise trees may die. To check if your soil is well-watered, use a trowel to dig the edges of the area. Soil that’s moist and holds together when squeezed doesn’t need more water.
8. Skip the pruning
Newly planted trees need only minimally pruning. Only prune dead, diseased or injured branches.
9. Stake sensibly
Only stake trees that are large or cannot withstand wind. If your tree needs staking, drive stake through root ball into ground underneath. Stakes should be tied loosely and removed when no longer needed (two or three seasons). Trees that are staked too tightly or for too long won’t develop properly.
10. Must mulch
A newly planted tree needs mulch. A 10 centimetre layer of mulch around the base of tree will keep weeds out, reduce water loss and insulate the soil.
Related links:
6 native plants that thrive in winter
A guide to growing plants from cuttings